IMPLEMENTATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE FOR A MULTITROPHIC AQUACULTURE SYSTEM MONITORED USING IoT TECHNOLOGIES

Abstract

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v9i18.0358

Abstract

This study aimed to implement the infrastructure for an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture system incorporating Internet of Things (IoT) technologies to monitor water quality variables. The infrastructure consisted of four 1,000-liter IBC tanks used to culture tilapia (*Oreochromis* sp.) and freshwater crayfish (*Procambarus clarkii*) at a density of 60 tilapia and 10 crayfish per tank. The hydraulic system utilized a network of 1/2-inch PVC piping, complemented by valves and fittings to regulate and distribute water flow among the culture units. Water circulation was driven by a 3 HP pump, while aeration was provided by a blower and independent oxygenation systems for each culture unit. As part of hydraulic management, partial water exchanges—amounting to approximately 30% of the tank volume—were performed to maintain suitable water quality and reduce organism stress during handling. To monitor system conditions, an IoT architecture was implemented using an Arduino Uno microcontroller, ESP32 modules, and a sensor network comprising DS18B20, pH 0–14, and LGDZ V1.1 sensors to record water temperature, pH, and turbidity. Data acquisition and transmission were integrated using the Arduino IDE 2.3.4 and the ThingSpeak platform. During the trials, the system maintained average pH values of 7.2 ± 0.3 and 7.4 ± 0.2; temperatures of 27.1 ± 0.8 °C and 27.5 ± 0.6 °C; dissolved oxygen levels of 5.8 ± 0.5 and 6.1 ± 0.4 mg/L; and turbidity levels of 18.3 ± 2.1 and 16.7 ± 1.8 NTU, respectively. These results demonstrate the functionality of the hydraulic infrastructure, aeration system, and IoT architecture implemented in an integrated manner, enabling the maintenance of appropriate conditions for crop development and facilitating water quality monitoring.

Keywords: Multitrophic aquaculture; hydraulic infrastructure; aeration; Internet of Things; water quality.