Evaluación de la capacidad óptima de sistemas de almacenamiento para el control de potencia activa y reactiva en microrredes

Luis Hernán Changoluisa-Criollo; Jessica Nataly Castillo-Fiallos; Diana Gabriela Tonato-Paucar

Authors

Changoluisa-Criollo Luis Hernán Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi. Sangolqui, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8788-8867
Castillo-Fiallos Jessica Nataly Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi. Latacunga, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3120-7229
Tonato-Paucar Diana Gabriela Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi. Latacunga, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6106-7755

Keywords:

Energy storage, Microgrids, Optimization, Active power, Reactive power

Abstract

Context: The study addresses the optimization of energy storage systems (ESS) in microgrids to control active and reactive power. It focuses on the importance of storage to improve operability, integrate renewable energies and reduce operating costs. Microgrids are fundamental in the transition to clean energy, and their variability makes the implementation of ESS necessary. Method: An optimization model based on mixed integer nonlinear programming solved through GAMS software was used. Different scenarios and technical constraints were considered to optimally locate and size the ESS. The evaluation was performed using the IEEE 14 - node system, applying alternating current (AC) power flows and modeling energy management in microgrids. Results: The study showed a significant reduction in operating costs by integrating ESS, with an estimated savings of US$3.35 million per year. The ESS contributed to improving system stability, reducing energy losses and optimizing renewable resource management, especially in high demand scenarios. Conclusions: The results suggest that the integration of ESS improves the sustainability and operational efficiency of microgrids. These systems not only reduce costs, but also facilitate the management of fluctuations in renewable energy generation. The proposed model proves to be efficient in balancing energy supply and demand, underscoring the strategic value of storage in grid modernization.

Keywords: Energy storage, Microgrids, Optimization, Active power, Reactive power.

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