Metodología para la simulación de un ensayo de impacto mediante el MEF

Santiago Alejandro López-Ortiz; Edison Patricio Abarca-Pérez; Edgar Fabián Sánchez-Carrión; Milton Israel Quinga-Morales

Authors

López-Ortiz Santiago Alejandro Grupo de Investigación GDP, Facultad de Mecánica, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo ESPOCH. Riobamba. Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6314-6299
Abarca-Pérez Edison Patricio Grupo de Investigación GDP, Facultad de Mecánica, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo ESPOCH. Riobamba. Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7041-4805
Sánchez-Carrión Edgar Fabián Facultad de Mecánica, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo ESPOCH. Riobamba. Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8027-2799
Quinga-Morales Milton Israel Facultad de Mecánica, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo ESPOCH. Riobamba. Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7210-4608

Keywords:

Numerical simulation, frontal impact, finite element method, nonlinear analysis

Abstract

Numerical simulations based on the Finite Element Method are fundamental for studying physical phenomena in engineering, providing crucial information for developing and improving designs of machines, instruments, structures, vehicles, among others. In recent years, one of the most advanced applications has been the impact analysis of components and materials in the automotive industry, due to the high mortality and severity of injuries in frontal crashes. Therefore, a methodology has been developed to perform an explicit nonlinear numerical study, to evaluate the resistance and structural behavior of the front section of the body of a domestically manufactured bus. This study is based on the test conditions established by the European standard UNECE R-29, which focuses on assessing driver safety. The necessary considerations to create a reliable computational model that can be validated with specific criteria are also detailed. Finally, the results of the simulated test reveal that the body model does not meet the minimum safety criteria, indicating the need to review and improve its current design.

Keywords: Numerical simulation, frontal impact, finite element method, nonlinear analysis.

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