Velásquez-Moreira al. (2021)
operación habitual, si hubiera una falla, el corte no debe ser mayor a 60 segundos y para cargas
críticas, la falta de energía no puede superar los 10 segundos, es decir el respaldo actúa de
inmediato cuando se trata de salvar la vida de una persona. El uso del análisis de Criticidad en
el Sistema de Respaldo de Energía del Hospital permitió tomar decisiones acertadas y
enfocarnos en los equipos de UPS y Generadores que se encuentran más críticos, por lo que se
aplicó un AMEF tanto a generadores como a UPS, con el fin de realizar una mejor gestión para
maximizar de su disponibilidad, mantenibilidad y confiabilidad.
Palabras clave: energía eléctrica, hospital, seguridad, plan de gestión, mantenimiento.
Abstract
In the health sector, the quality and safety of the electricity supply play a very important role in
the operation of hospitals and clinics. One of the fundamental aspects for the proper functioning
of any type of hospital facility is the management of the electrical system, today it is more
important than ever to design and operate electrical systems that not only have the maximum
practicable efficiency, but also have the highest degree of security and reliability. But beyond this,
special attention must be paid not only to the continuous supply of energy but also to its quality,
referring to the distortions that may be present in terms of voltage or frequency variations. To
guarantee proper operation, health centers must have an energy backup system that guarantees
that electricity will not be affected or interrupted despite failures that may occur. In this study, the
Portoviejo Specialty Hospital was taken as the research context, where qualitative, semi-
quantitative and quantitative audits were carried out, to stage the maintenance problem in the
electrical backup system. Taking into account that the electric power backup unit is made up of
Generators and UPS, a criticality analysis was carried out on each one of them, analyzing various
parameters, with the aim of finding the highly critical equipment and proceeding to evaluate them
in addition to determine the maintenance tasks for each of them, considering the existing
problems in the electrical system, where failures or stoppages in the generation system can occur
at unexpected times. In the criticality analysis of the UPS, 5 components were obtained in a
Critical state with ranges of 133.33 < Score ≤ 200; 5 teams were obtained in regular or Semi-
Critical status with values of 82, 87, 116 and 123 located in the range of 66.66 < Score ≤ 133.33.
And 8 components were obtained in Non-Critical status with a value of 33, 58, 66 which are
located within the range 6 ≤ Score ≤ 66.66. Likewise Based on the criteria evaluated in the
criticality analysis, 5 components were obtained in Critical status with ranges of 136 and 156,
located in the margin 133.33 < Score ≤ 200; 5 teams were obtained in regular or Semi-Critical
status with values of 99, 111, 126 and 123, located in the range of 66.66 < Score ≤ 133.33. And
2
components were obtained in a Non-Critical state with a value of 34 and 42, which is located
within the range 6 ≤ Score ≤ 66.66. We understand as operations or critical loads everything that
implies the continuity of the life of patients such as: operating rooms or intensive care,
emergencies, laboratories, nursing stations, radiology, water treatment and vital medical
equipment or systems, among others. In the case of normal operation, if there is a fault, the cut
must not be greater than 60 seconds and for critical loads, the lack of energy cannot exceed 10
seconds, that is, the backup acts immediately when it comes to saving a person's life. The use of
the Criticality analysis in the Hospital's Energy Backup System allowed us to make the right
decisions and focus on the UPS and Generator equipment that is most critical, for which an FMEA
was applied to both generators and UPS, with the aim of in order to perform better management
to maximize its availability, maintainability and reliability.
Keywords: electric power, hospital, safety, management plan, maintenance.
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